Deverbatives as a prototypical means of actualizing instrumental taxis (based on the material of the German language)

This article is devoted to the consideration of the actional deverbatives of the German language, acting as a prototypical means of implementing categorical meanings of the instrumental taxis of simultaneity. The object of the study is the actional deverbatives with instrumental prepositions, participating, along with verbs, in the process of updating the meanings of the instrumental taxis of simultaneity in the German language. The subject of the study is the actualization of instrumental-taxic and medial-taxic categorical meanings of simultaneity in statements with deverbatives used with instrumental or medial prepositions of the German language. The material of this study was German utterances with deverbative nouns with instrumental/medial prepositions obtained by the method of directed sampling from the electronic database of the Leipzig National Corpus (LC). In the course of this study, hypotheticaldeductive, inductive, descriptive, contextual, and transformational methods were used. The actional deverbatives of the German language, used with instrumental/medial prepositions mit, durch, mittels, participate in the actualization of instrumental-taxic and medial-taxic categorical meanings of simultaneity. Medial-taxic values are considered as a kind of instrumental-taxic categorical values. When actualizing medial-taxic values, as a rule, actional deverbatives are used, denoting actions related to mental or mental activity of a person, in particular, deverbatives-somatisms and deberbatives-kinemas. When implementing instrumental-taxic and medial-taxic categorical meanings, verbs of physical action or impact, causative verbs with semantics of physical, informative or mental modification, as well as verbs of verbal communication interact with actional deverbatives. The study revealed that the actional deverbatives of the German language, used with instrumental prepositions, are a prototypical means of actualizing instrumental taxis. The results of this work can find their practical application in functional grammar courses at language faculties in universities, as well as in further grammatical and comparative typological studies.