Factors for the development of university lecturers’ innovation culture

Innovation is one of the most important factors contributing to improving productivity, quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of each individual, each organization, and each country. In that context, the university's third mission is being studied and applied because of its important role in the national innovation system. Universities are becoming the center of innovative activities, helping to create the necessary human resources and knowledge to meet the development needs of modern society. As the subject of innovative activities in universities, the lecturer's innovation culture needs to be formed and developed more than ever. This development goes through four levels: rationalization, inventiveness, heuristic, and innovative level. This process requires the accumulation of internal factors (characteristics of the lecturer's self) with external conditions (characteristics of the university). At the same time, several recommendations are given to help universities fulfill their mission well.