Risk factors and causes of complications in hip arthroplasty (literature review)

Hip arthroplasty is one of the most common surgical procedure in traumatology and orthopedics. Every year the number of operations performed in Russia and the world is growing. Despite the effectiveness of this method of treatment, the number of complications is high and does not tendency to decrease. In the presented review examines the prevalence, causes and risk factors for complications of hip arthroplasty. We did not consider complications of a general surgical nature (pulmonary embolism, acute cardiovascular failure, etc.) and infectious complications, but focused on local non-infectious complications of arthroplasty, namely: dislocations, aseptic instability, periprosthetic fractures and problems problems associated with implants. In order to summarize the available information, a systematic search of literary sources on English-language (PubMed, Scopus, Sciencedirect) and Russian-language (eLibrary,CyberLeninka) databases was carried out. Based on the results of the literature analysis, it can be concluded that there are many factors affecting the outcome of treatment, among which are factors related to the patient, such as age, gender, weight, concomitant pathology, etc. and not related to the patient, namely, the technique of surgical intervention and the technical characteristics of the implants. Knowledge of the factors allows to predict possible complications and take preventive measures.