Physiological features of piglets at the beginning of early ontogenesis

Today, pig farming is one of the leading branches of agriculture. This is ensured by the constant introduction of various innovations into its practice, helping to successfully breed pigs, preserve and improve their livestock. The techn ologies used quite successfully allow young and mature animals to adapt to the environment without risk of any dysfunctions and pre-pathological conditions. Newborn piglets, unlike many other newborn farm animals, can be considered physiologically immature. The main physiological mechanisms cannot be considered fully formed in newborn piglets. For their rapid adaptation to the external environment, strictly favorable conditions for their maintenance are especially necessary. Due to the immaturity of the lymphoid tissue at birth, piglets are not protected from aggressive pathogenic factors of the external environment. Only timely feeding of colostrum allows newborn piglets to quickly form immunological protection, quickly gain weight and optimize their thermoregulation. Free access to water, which maintains water balance and promotes effective thermoregulation, is extremely important for their normal life. An important basis for the high viability of piglets at an early age is the development of their nervous system, which ensures the successful implementation of all adaptive reflexes. The dynamics of their hematological parameters is of great importance for the normal development of piglets. This concerns physiological changes in the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets, as well as their properties during early ontogenesis. Recently, a large role in the optimal course of early ontogenesis in piglets has been given to the dynamics of the hemostasis system parameters. However, many of its aspects still require clarification.