Physiological characteristics of growth and development of piglets of different genotypes for FUT1 and MUC4 genes

DNA technologies make it possible to implement fundamentally new approaches in animal breeding. First of all, this is the genetic identification of specific individuals with subsequent genetic-population analysis, which provides quantitative characteristics of gene pools of the studied populations. The aim of the study was to establish the physiological characteristics of growth and development of piglets of different genotypes for FUT1 and MUC4 genes with the addition of vitamin supplements. The study was carried out from 2023 to 2024. The work involved 88 piglets of large white breed from birth to weaning. The animals were divided into 6 groups. The piglets in each group were weighed on the first day of life, on the 3rd day, and then every 3 days until the age of 21 days. The highest live weight was in piglets with AA/GG (FUT1/MUC4) genotype, followed by individuals with AG/GC (FUT1/MUC4) genotype except for the third group, and the lowest live weight was in piglets with GG/CC (FUT1/ MUC4) genotype. In the third group of animals, the maximum live weight was more than 5860 g in AA/GG (FUT1/ MUC4) genotype, which is 352.1 g more (p<0.05) than GG/CC (FUT1/MUC4) genotype and 676.6 g more (p<0.001) than AG/GC (FUT1/MUC4) genotype. In the fourth group of piglets, the maximum live weight was more than 5710 g for AA/GG (FUT1/MUC4) genotype, which is 681.53 g more (p<0.05) than GG/CC (FUT1/MUC4) genotype and 153 g more than AG/GC (FUT1/MUC4) genotype. Thus, the obtained results indicate that genotyping of piglets for FUT1 and MUC4 genes can be used not only to determine resistance to intestinal infections, but also to predict the physiological characteristics of growth and development in the early stages of ontogenesis.