Fractional composition of Kazakhstan-breed triticale grain as a factor in the formation of its flour-milling properties

Triticale is a promising grain crop for the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan, with high productivity and adaptability. However, the technological suitability of triticale grain for flour processing requires detailed study. The purpose of this study is to establish the relationship between the fractional composition of triticale grain of Kazakhstan selection and its main flour-milling characteristics (ash content, whiteness, flour yield). As part of the work, a sieve analysis of grain, classification of fractions by size (2.8 × 20 mm, 2.5 × 20 mm, 2.2 × 20 mm, 2.0 × 20 mm and less), as well as laboratory determination of flour-milling indicators were carried out. Correlation and regression analyses were performed, which made it possible to identify stable relationships between the content of individual fractions and the quality of flour. It was found that an increase in the proportion of large fractions (2.8×20 mm and 2.5×20 mm) is accompanied by a decrease in ash content and an increase in flour whiteness. On the contrary, an increase in the proportion of medium fractions (2.0×20 mm and 2.2×20 mm) correlates with a deterioration in quality indicators. The most significant dependencies are presented by linear regression equations confirming the influence of the morphological composition of grain on its processability. The scientific significance of the work lies in clarifying the criteria for assessing triticale grain for milling purposes, and the practical significance lies in the possibility of using the obtained data in sorting and standardizing raw materials, as well as in selection. The study contributes to the development of technologies for assessing the quality of grain crops and can be used for applied and scientific purposes.