Chronic kidney disease: prevalence and risk factors (literature review)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complex of syndromes that occurs as an outcome of various kidney diseases or as a complication caused by diseases of other organs; it often exerts maximum influence on prognosis for a primary disease. It seems an urgent task to improve early CKD diagnostics and reveal risk factors that can cause unfavorable clinical course and development of the pathology. Finding solution to this task will allow reducing terms and improving organization of specialized medical aid provided for patients. The issue related to detection of health risk factors is especially pressing in countries with low and middle incomes. National and international efforts aimed at preventing, detecting, and treating chronic kidney diseases are necessary for decreasing worldwide mortality and morbidity. The article presents a review of literature data accumulated in PubMed, Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases on epidemiologic issues concerning chronic kidney diseases...