Статьи журнала - International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education
Все статьи: 421
A content and citation analysis of the studies on learning environments and special education
Статья обзорная
This study aims to review the studies on learning environments and special education and determine the trends in these studies. Content and citation analysis were used which is a qualitative research method. Data of the study were collected from Scopus with ‘learning environment’ and ‘special education’ keywords 180 documents were collected. For the analysis of the published documents, previously determined content analysis criteria were used and citation analysis of the published documents were carried out, in order to reveal the frequently cited documents. Documents were examined based on year of publication, name of the journals, authors, affiliations, countries, document type, subject area, keywords, language and citations. Data were presented and interpreted with tables and figures. Results were presented in detail with reference to the previous literature.
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A review of neurophysiological and genetic correlates of emotional intelligence
Статья обзорная
The article is an overview of modern studies of brain organization and genetic correlates of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is becoming the subject of more and more attentive study of psychologists due to the fact that it influences the mental development of humans, plays an important role in many professions, and its impairment is a marker of some disorders. Nevertheless, the brain organization and genetic correlates of emotional intelligence have not been studied enough - first studies appeared only in the early 2000s. A review of the literature on the enceph-alographic showed that in rest, people with higher emotional intelligence show greater excitation of the left anterior regions of the brain. When per-ceiving affective stimuli, participants with high emotional intelligence show stronger synchronization of some EEG rhythms. Brain mapping technique made it possible to identify the areas of the brain involved in activities related to emotional intelligence. In regard to genetic correlates of emotional intelligence, some genes of neurotransmitter systems have been associated to this trait: the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene COMT, the dopamine DRD2 receptor gene, the serotonin receptor gene HTR2A, and the BDNF brain neurotrophic factor gene.
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Статья научная
In 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus infection (hereafter referred to as Covid-19) occurred, and on January 16, 2020, the first case of an infected person was confirmed in Japan. Now that more than two years have passed, the world is gradually returning to normal. However, the increased use of Social Networking Services (SNS) and web conferencing tools has caused young people, who are accustomed to seeing filtered faces, to become dissatisfied and uncomfortable with their own real faces. This has resulted in an increased number of young people who have become dissatisfied and mentally stressed with their facial features and expressions. Therefore, the author conducted a study on young people aged 18-20 years old in 2022 regarding this issue. The author evaluated the changes in awareness one’s own face between the Covid-19 pandemic and the present among students attending Japanese universities, despite being affected by Covid-19 in the latter half of their high school or college years. The results indicated that 49.2% of the respondents revealed that their awareness their own faces had changed during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on these findings, it is necessary for educators and parents to take considerable actions, so that young people do not become obsessed with the quality of their facial features and feel unduly stressed. Furthermore, young people should not be ashamed of their real, unfiltered faces.
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Статья научная
In this article, we attempt to examine the general teachers’ attitudes towards dramatization and the differences that arise according to their major demographic elements, using inferential statistics methodology. Our sample consists of 60 (sixty) Greek teachers, of which 15 (fifteen) are male and 45 (forty-five) are female respondents. The teachers completed all questionnaire’s statements correctly (without missing values), allowing us to draw valuable conclusions on both their knowledge and their perspectives regarding the usefulness of dramatization in a school environment and the necessity of its inclusion in the educational process. The analysis focuses both on the general teachers’ tendencies and the existing differences that are caused according to the respondents’ sex, age, years of experience and their willingness of working with immigrant students. Our analysis is carried out via the Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square statistical tests. These statistical methods are ideal for the comparison of data resulting from questionnaires based on the Likert scale, providing trustworthy and valuable conclusions about the attitudes towards the inclusion of drama in the educational procedure. This paper reveals important existing differentiations in the viewpoints of Greek primary school teachers in terms of dramatization in education, while it brings out a quite positive attitude towards the benefits of including drama in the teaching process of primary schools.
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Статья обзорная
This article addresses the issue of technical documents and the impact their structuring has on professionals working in the field of disability. A model was developed to accompany users with disabilities when entering information; it was based on the linguistic analysis of an assortment of technical documents (institutional forms). We studied the problems related to technical documents by using a methodological approach which was based on a combination of complementary studies. The first was a terminological study, which aimed to look for relevant themes. It was complemented by a second one, which analyzed the discourse that was transmitted by the texts and which was centered on exploring the logical links between propositions and paragraphs. We completed these two studies with a final one, the logico-cognitive analysis. This which allowed us to look for contextual clues, which were produced by the texts in the documentary environment. It was therefore possible to formalize information and communication operations thanks to the reference discourse’s targeted environment in view of designing an automated information system.
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Accuracy in football: scoring a goal as the ultimate objective of football game
Статья научная
The study included 60 young football players aged 10 and 11 years with the aim to examine the influence of motor skills on a specific accuracy in football. The following tests for assessment of motoric abilities were used: Coordination: jumping over the horizontal rope, envelope test, figure „8“ with bending; Flexibility: forward bend-standing upper-body rotation-touch, the splits, side-stepping with a baton; Balance: standing on one leg along the balance bench, standing on one leg with eyes closed, flamingo test. Tests for specific accuracy in football included: elevational accuracy by foot - vertical target, elevational accuracy by foot - horizontal target, linear accuracy by foot - vertical target, the hits of ball by foot on the wall after it rebounces from the surface, elevational accuracy by head - vertical target and elevational accuracy by head - horizontal target. Results obtained by processing the data applying canonical correlation and regression analysis indicated the indisputable influence of motor abilities of young football players on the majority of specific accuracy tests.
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Active learning technologies in distance education of gifted students
Статья научная
The article reveals the notion of distance education, meaning formation, meaningful technologies. The modern concept of psychological and pedagogical support of talent is associated with the concept of the child’s abilities disclosure in education. Discussion about the developing potential of distance education, where, on the one hand, the student’s development potential is flattened, compressed and translated into “one-dimensional space” in the process of education; on the other hand, there is a whole range of opportunities to initiate independent activity of students, to include mechanisms of cognitive and personal development of a modern student. The psychological bases of active learning technologies in distance education of gifted students are described. The author’s classification of interactive learning technologies using remote technologies is considered, where each technology finds several concrete embodiments. The results of an experimental study of gifted students’ independent activity initiation in distance education are presented.
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Статья научная
Aesthetics and the design studio have been widely regarded as germane to architecture education and architectural design education respectively. Despite this obvious importance and relationship, very scant studies have been done on how aesthetics as a concept, has been thought in architectural schools especially with regard to the pedagogue of acquiring aesthetic knowledge as perceived by instructors and students in the Design Studio. Moreover, despite its centrality in architectural studies, there is a current gap in literature pertaining to aesthetics and the steps to teaching it in architectural design studios. This paper presents a discussion on the aesthetics and the process of teaching it in design studio using a qualitative grounded theory approach. In view of the paucity of work on the teaching pedagogue in architectural design studios, this study aim at shedding light on how students and studio instructors perceive the extant state of the methods of teaching aesthetics and identify the aesthetics of architecture. In this regard, the study by hypothesizing the design studios as the core contributor in architectural design developed the contributing elements in aesthetic education of architecture.
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Статья научная
The current study investigates creativity from a creative product perspective. More specifically, we want to know if a connection exists between an individual’s creativity and his or her evaluation of creative products. We also want to know what role cognitive style plays in this relationship. The sample (139 second-year undergraduates) was collected from an art and design program of an institution in Macau. Convenience sampling was used for the current study. The present study found partial support for the associations between cognitive style, creativity, and evaluations of creative products. Based on zero-order correlations, visual and verbal cognitive styles were moderately and positively correlated to three components of CPSS (novelty, resolution, and elaboration and synthesis). The results of the SEM further confirm this relationship between cognitive style and CPSS (r =.69, p
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Analysis of practical ability improvement for teachers based on the "excellence plan"
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The “excellence plan” is aimed at developing high quality engineering and technical talents who have a strong ability for innovation, can adapt to the development needs of society and can work out strategies for making the country stronger. At the same time, the “excellence plan” colleges are required to build a team which would include high level full-time and part-time teachers with engineering experience. This paper analyses the current situation of teachers’ ability for engineering practice and practical ability from the following points of view: bringing into play subjective initiative, interacting practical experience among teachers, adjusting the practical teaching link, training for teachers’ positions and training double-tutors with cooperation between schools and enterprises.
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Analyzing a large amount of data as a decision support systems tool in Nigeria organization
Статья научная
Big Data, as a Decision Support Tools in numerous firms, has offered the capacity to assemble, store, access and investigate massive measures of information (data) so that better choice of decisions can be made with respect to clients, providers, employees, logistics, and framework. Contrasts in the utilization of Information Technology (IT) have been found in various countries, thus it is important to lead a far reaching investigation of the encouraging and repressing components (factors) in the adoption and diffusion of BDDSA in Nigeria. The point of this review was accordingly to fill the hole by exploring factors influencing the effective selection of BDDSA in Nigeria MIS (Management Information System) user organizations.
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Статья научная
The 21st-century competencies students need to have include creative thinking skills, critical thinking skills, literacy, and numeracy. These competencies can be developed in the learning process in class explicitly. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Multirepresentation Based Creative Problem-Solving (MBCPS) learning model in improving students’ critical and creative thinking skills. The MBCPS Model Syntax consists of four stages: 1) problem identification, 2) finding ideas, 3) evaluating ideas with multiple representations (verbal, visual, and mathematical), and 4) validating solutions. The MBCPS model was applied to the experimental group and the Problem-Solving (PS) learning model in the comparison group on four study programs, natural science education. culinary education, public health science, and nutrition science with material on the science of nutrition. The difference between before and after learning was tested by Mann-Whitney, and N-gain tested the effectiveness. The results showed that before learning, there was no difference in critical and creative thinking skills, with a p-value > 0.05 between the experimental group and the comparison group. After learning, there was a very significant difference (p < 0.05). Learning the MBCPS model can improve critical thinking skills with an N-gain of 0.72 (high category) and creative thinking skills with an N-gain of 0.67 (medium category). The MBCPS learning model can be implemented on a broader scale according to the characteristics of complex course material to develop models in the field of education.
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Application of computers in modernization of teaching science
Статья обзорная
The basic tendency of this paper is to point to the increasing application of information technology in teaching, and therefore also in the teaching of science and society. This means that educational process is constantly developing and improving, but teaching aids also are modernizing. Modern didactic and methodical knowledge are increasingly pointing out the shortcomings of traditional teaching and they offer solutions for overcoming these drawbacks, among the others, and through the modern informational technologies. In this sense, the use of computers is not just something that is recommended but it is becoming more necessary since it is the path to the active acquisition of knowledge and creativity. Multimedia teaching resources, contents and educational computer software enable students to critically use knowledge sources, to independently learn, analyze, systematize, compare and explore. The advantages offered by informational technologies are also in the fact that the teacher is relieved from one part of the obligation, teaching type, so it leaves him more time for the design of the teaching process. Purposefully use of teaching aids and forms of work, takes into account the capabilities of each student. The use of the computers and educational software in teaching provides a better flow of information since the presentation of information is performed through the multiple senses, so students can receive them visually or acoustically. Temporarily use of modern teaching aids (computers, educational software, etc.) allows students to come up quickly with different information and thus fulfill not only their increased interest in a particular area but also gain new knowledge.
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Applying positive discipline in school and adolescents’ self-esteem
Статья научная
Starting from the general principles of the concept of positive discipline, the paper points out that schools and teachers can significantly contribute to the application of positive discipline to affect different aspects of a student’s personality development. The potentials of applying positive discipline in the school for developing adolescents’ self-esteem are particularly emphasized. Accordingly, this paper will present the results of a study that aimed to establish a correlation between assessing the presence of positive discipline in a school context and the level of adolescents’ self-esteem. The survey included a convenience sample of 195 high school students from three high schools - art, technical, and grammar school. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the scale for assessing the presence of positive discipline in the school were used to collect the data. The results showed that adolescents exhibit a high level of self-esteem, while their assessment of the presence of positive discipline in school is moderate. Also, it was found that with the increase in the assessment of the presence of positive discipline in school, the level of adolescents’ self-esteem increased, and the statistically significant moderating role of the measured variables was found only in the type of high school. The conclusion points to the need to sensitize teachers to manage the classroom according to the principles of positive discipline, as well as the importance of creating the conditions that, through the phenomenon of positive discipline, effectively raise the quality of schoolwork as a whole.
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Approach to cyber security issues in Nigeria: challenges and solution
Статья научная
Cyber-space refers to the boundless space known as the internet. Cyber-security is the body of rules put in place for the protection of the cyber space. Cyber-crime refers to the series of organized crime attacking both cyber space and cyber security. The Internet is one of the fastest-growing areas of technical infrastructure development. Over the past decades, the growth of the internet and its use afforded everyone this opportunity. Google, Wikipedia and Bing to mention a few, give detailed answers to millions of questions every day. Cyberspace is a world that contains just about anything one is searching for. With the advent of these advancements in information accessibility and the advantages and applications of the internet comes an exponentially growing disadvantage- Cyber Crime. Cyber security has risen to become a national concern as threats concerning it now need to be taken more seriously. This paper attempts to provide an overview of Cybercrime and Cyber-security. It defines the concept of cybercrime, identify reasons for cyber-crime and its eradication. It look at those involved and the reasons for their involvement. Methods of stepping up cyber security and the recommendations that would help in checking the increasing rate of cyber-crimes were highlighted. The paper also attempts to name some challenges of cybercrime and present practical and logical solutions to these threats.
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Отчет
Phraseological units, primarily idioms are those types of linguistic units which reveal to a great extent how certain linguistic community copes with its surroundings. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate how idioms in English language are actually differently used across different genres in British and American linguistic communities, and try to explain those results in light of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. The study was conducted on the basis of the idioms that have the same body part, namely arm and/or leg, and those idioms were then compared in two corpora - the BNC (British National Corpus) and COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English).
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Статья научная
This paper analyses the attitudes of teachers to using information and communication technology in teaching. The study was conducted on a sample of 269 teachers in the Republic of Serbia. The purpose of this research is to look at the intensity of ICT use in teaching, as well as to identify the benefits and obstacles that teachers face when using this technology. The study was based on a descriptive research methodology. Surveying and scaling techniques were used to measure the attitudes of teachers. It was concluded that teachers often use ICT in teaching. The greatest advantage of ICT use, as seen by teachers, is improved quality of teaching, a possibility to deliver interesting lessons and quick and easy access to information. The greatest obstacles emphasized by teachers were underdeveloped competencies of teachers, limited access to ICT in schools and insufficient trust in the use of new technologies.
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Статья научная
The study is aimed at finding the varieties of appealing spheres for realization of students' potential in higher school. The authors substantiate and develop the concept of attractors for students' self-realization, which designate the appealing spheres and forms of manifestation of students' personal efforts and capacities in higher education. The methods of conceptual-applied reconstruction and psychological surveys are used to determine the attractive space for students' self-development. The study identifies a group of potentially attractive spheres (learning-cognitive, research, sports-wellness, volunteer, artistic-creative, innovative-entrepreneurial, information-media, social-civic, sphere of cross-cultural communication). The study presents the results of diagnosing the subjective significance of these spheres for students of different specialties and different levels of self-realization in education. The conclusion is made about the tendency of influence of students' involvement in attractive spheres on the success of their self-realization in educational environment. The prospects of applying and operating the category of attractors as socio-cultural predictors of successful self-realization and psychological well-being of students in the process of University training are shown.
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Augmented reality as a teaching tool in higher education
Отчет
Rapid development of the technology has influenced its inevitable entrance in the learning processes. Teachers are often challenged to use the appropriate educational technology in the process of teaching in order to ease the learning process of students. Introducing new technology in the teaching process should utilize the new technology in any possible way in order to assist the teacher in transferring the knowledge and assist the students in grasping that knowledge. This paper should emphasize the benefits of using augmented reality in higher education, by measuring outcomes of the students which used augmented reality as a teaching tool in the courses. Results from the survey imply that students show significantly improved results in increasing the interest, understanding and interiorizing the learning material. University teachers found that using augmented reality is significantly improving the learning process of students and their teaching process in a pedagogical and technical sense.
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Disputes resolved with the use of mediation as a form of dispute resolution are rare (or at striking level) in the practice in our country. In order to increase the number of disputes that were successfully completed based on mediation, it is necessary for the people to know about the alternative forms of resolving litigation. The lack of information contributes to the lack of trust in any resolution of the dispute except in the court. There is also the positive practice of resolving disputes through mediation macular placed in public. This Paper treats the action research which aims to connect the people awareness of mediation as a form of negotiation through which can quickly and easily, without major financial implications, to resolve any dispute. This paper is based on a survey with the members of Chamber of Mediators of the Republic of Macedonia. These results clearly confirm the lack of information among the local population about the forms of dispute resolution that are available and the benefits they offer.
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