Inclusive education and problem of social and cultural adaptation of immigrants in russian-speaking environment: linguistic interpretation of basic notions and terms

In this article are given status characteristics of different immigration categories both in the aspect of the legislation and the cultural and language adaptation. In the article the semantics and the linguistic interpretation of such word-concepts as «a refugee», «a forced migrant», «a migrant» and «a gastarbeiter» are analyzed. We also give a review to the language, communicative, socio-cultural and intercultural competences as required for the adaptation of the immigrants in Russian-speaking environment. At the same time we point at the importance of the mutual adaptation and creating programs in formation of the constructive interaction between immigrants and the host society. The importance of pre-departure preparation for the successful adaptation and integration of immigrants into the Russian society is underlined: such programs should include the basic package of knowledge about the country, including language courses, urgent legal information and important social, economic and political information about the country. The authors of the article come to the conclusion that the immigrants’ adaptation based on the knowledge of the Russian language, the inner respect towards Russian history and culture, towards Russian traditions and way of life is an effective means of transnational relationships harmonization. Only such adaptation is conducive to immigrants’ organic integration into the Russian society and this should be kept in mind when working out pre-departure and post-departure educational programs for the immigrants.