Interoperability оf Development Stages for Knowledge-Intensive Products

Digital transformation and the growing complexity of product ecosystems necessitate ensuring seamless interaction between heterogeneous processes, teams, and systems in the development of knowledge-intensive products. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for the quantitative assessment and management of interoperability at various stages of the lifecycle. The scientifi c novelty lies in the formalization of interoperability parameters (semantic, technical, organizational, legal) for each Technology Readiness Level (TRL) and the construction of a dynamic integral indicator enabling the identifi cation and elimination of interaction barriers. The proposed model establishes a foundation for systematic monitoring and targeted enhancement of development process cohesion, allowing project managers to effectively allocate resources to address “bottlenecks” at all stages of creating high-tech products. The methodology shifts the concept of interoperability from the realm of qualitative descriptions to the plane of quantitative management, forming a basis for integration with organizational ambidexterity approaches within lifecycle management.