Исследование регенерации подземных органов горечавки шероховатой (Gentiana scabra Bunge)

The dynamics of regeneration of lateral roots of Gentiana scabra, valuable plant which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine is studied. Intensive collecting, development of forest grounds, plowing of meadows, increase in the areas under pastures and haymaking led to considerable reduc-tion of abundance of the variety in the northeast of China. The cultivation of the gentian in this region began in 1990-s and originally was followed by the increase in cultivated areas. Further the tendency of their reduction that caused the deficiency of raw materials in the market and essential decrease in the production of medicine was outlined. The main reason for it is in the duration of the period of culti-vation of G. scabra and significantly smaller profit got by producers in comparison with cultivation of traditional crops. During the research the possibility of using regenerated roots as pharmacological raw materials was estimated and the maintenance of gentiopicroside in extract of different parts of the root of the gentian with use of highly effective liquid chromatography (HELC) is defined. It is shown that after cutting of lateral roots on the place of the cut 3-8 new branches (secondary lateral roots) are formed. In a year these branches come nearer by the sizes to maternal roots. It is established that the maintenance of gentiopicroside in secondary lateral roots is higher, than in other underground parts of the plant, and it allows using them as pharmacolog-ical raw materials. Developed method of regenera-tion allows reducing traditional production cycle of receiving high-quality pharmacological raw materi-als of G. scabra from seeds by 1-2 years and it is essential to increase the volume of the prepared plant material. Regenerated secondary roots con-form to the quality standard according to the maintenance of gentiopicroside and are even-aged as it is demanded by the quality standards of me-dicinal raw materials.