The history of development of public schools

The article shows the history of the formation of public schools; it reflects the stages of their development. The author emphasizes the relevance and ignorance of this issue. The paper identifies the social, economic, political, legal, and pedagogical foundations that determine the formation of public schools in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The article presents a comparative analysis of the content and organizational factors of the development of public education in Europe and Russia in the period under review. The research notes that the history of public education in European countries is characterized by the separation of school from the church, which took advantage of school. Russian public schools are classified. While analyzing the domestic researches on public education, the main principles are investigated. They allowed one to develop the idea of public secondary school based on common ethnic and cultural interest of the Russian people.