The concept of quality of life in medicine

Introduction. The concept of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is becoming increasingly relevant nowadays. However, there are almost no studies on the history of this concept, which is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of health-related quality of life. Aim. The paper aims to examine historical and contemporary approaches to the concept of HRQoL. Materials and methods. A review and analysis of the scientific literature on QOL and HRQoL over the past 40 years was conducted. Data were collected and analyzed from the following scientific databases: SCOPUS, GoogleScholar, Springer, PubMed. Results. The analysis showed a certain evolution of the concept of quality of life since its first appearance in the medical and psychological literature. Initially the concept was focused on medical indicators, particularly life expectancy, self-care, mobility, etc. Then, researchers shifted their attention to disease perception, psychological well-being, life satisfaction, including such significant components as physical, cognitive, emotional, social (role) functioning. Thus, nowadays, the multidimensional and multifactorial nature of HRQoL is recognized. Therefore, QOL assessment takes into account all life aspects that affect health and well-being. Such an understanding of QOL provides a personalized approach to each patient. Conclusion. There are some common features in the spectrum of approaches to the concept of HRQoL. However, there are also distinct differences, especially in terms of integrity, levels of generality, theoretical rigor, and the role of HRQoL in the structure of other concepts that describe a person as a biopsychosocial integrity.