Historical and ethnographic aspect of the study of the traditional Tatar musical instruments: from its origins to the beginning of the XVI century

The origins tradition of instrumental music of the Tatar ethnic group, formed mainly in the region of the Middle Volga, back to the common Turk archaic forms of artistic creation. This is confirmed the Byzantine historians. The oldest Tatar musical instruments - the attributes of hunting and pastoral life of a variety of natural materials. Medieval historical sources and archaeological data confirm the existence of the culture of the Bulgars, who stood at the origins of the Tatar ethnic group, socially important kinds of epic, memorial, spiritual, military and entertaining music. During the 14 - the first half 16th centuries in the everyday life of the Tatars were common Turkic musical instruments surna, burg nocario (brass band), nai, kobuz (string section), tombur (strike force). Musicians used in their creative practice and classic oriental musical instruments. In medieval Kazan events, nation-wide character is a music and poetry contest with the participation of musicians-instrumentalists. The rulers patronized creativity, centered on the secular elite artistic culture of the Islamic East. Its carriers were among the court musicians. By 16 century, musical and instrumental creativity of Tatar people was formed in an integrated and complex system is a complex of diverse instruments as the original, as well as non-indigenous origin in demand in a variety of national and professional creativity.