Sonographic syndromes osteochondral changes of medium and small joints of the extremities with the main types of arthropathy

Objectives of the study. Determine the typical sonographic osteochondral manifestations of rheumatoid, reactive, gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, joint syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, psoriatic arthropathy early pathological process, trace their dynamics. Materials and methods. Arthrosonography made 540 patients with articular syndrome in the expert class machines. The basic structure of the ultrasonic symptoms of hyaline cartilage and underlying bone, their changes are specific for each type of nosology. Results. Change in joint cartilage plates installed in 75.4% of cases. Echographic pattern of pathology consisted of varying the thickness of the cartilage disk, its echogenicity, texture, contour, presence or absence of additional education in the projection of hyaline tissue. The lack of pathology of the articular cartilage was observed in patients with ReA acute course (n = 70), the debut of gout (n = 8), patients with a short period of the disease SLE, SSc and PsA (n = 19, 16, 69), in OA young people with the period of the disease is not more than 2 years (n = 52). Bone changes were presented in two versions: as a symptom of hardening layer subchondral bone (9.9%), symptoms of marginal bone growths (5.2%). The sensitivity of ultrasound as a whole was 84.4%, specificity - 83.1%, accuracy - 83.8%. Conclusions. An analysis of the dynamics of the ultrasound picture in rheumatoid and reactive arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout, psoriatic arthropathy and articular syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis was a direct correlation between the activity of the pathological process, the duration of the disease, its stage of radiological and ultrasound appearances. Erozirovanie articular cartilage may identify within 2.8 months after the occurrence of a destructive arthritis, degenerative changes and microcrystalline inclusions in the thickness of cartilage - after 6.1 months.