The stages of technical training in swimming in the annual cycle of polyathlete training

The article examines the system of step-by-step construction of technical training in swimming within the framework of a one-year training cycle designed for qualified polyathletes. The characteristics and tasks of classes at the basic, preparatory, competitive and recovery stages are presented. Particular attention is paid to the allocation of technical emphasis, as well as the methods and means employed to ensure progress in athletic performance and the refinement of swimming technique as a key discipline in the multi-sport framework. The study highlights that the developed system of methodological recommendations possesses a universal nature and can be adapted to meet the needs of youth sports and the initial stages of athletic specialization. Specifically, the phased structure of training sessions enables an appropriate calculation of workload for athletes, ensures the sequential and smooth continuity of stage content, and increases the adaptive capacities of young practitioners’ organisms. The article may be useful for coaches, physical education teachers, as well as specialists in the field of sports pedagogy.