On the issue of focal repeated minimally invasive and non-ionizing life-saving antitumor therapy for local intraprostatic relapses after radiotherapy of non-metastatic prostate cancer (a brief literature review)

Locally recurrent prostate cancer, without distant metastases, after primary radiotherapy, is a challenging oncological problem. Currently, there is no consensus on the best medical management for these patients. Recently, new, advanced medical imaging techniques have been developed to better identify patients with local recurrence after radical radiotherapy. This is particularly important for patients who are contraindicated for or refuse surgical treatment. In these cases, it is essential for clinicians to understand the efficacy and risks of repeated, minimally invasive, non-ionizing antitumor treatments in order to provide appropriate advice to patients facing this situation. This review examines four main minimally invasive and non-ionizing techniques for the treatment of localized intraprostatic recurrences after radiotherapy for non-metastatic prostate cancer: HIFU- therapy, cryoablation, photodynamic therapy, and irreversible electroporation. These techniques have the potential to become a standard option for patients who have undergone primary antitumor treatment and do not plan to undergo surgery.