Competency-based approach to students’ foreign language communication

The paper focuses on the theoretical grounding and practical application of the competency-based approach in shaping foreign language communicative competence among university students. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to train specialists capable of effective interpersonal and professional interaction in a foreign language environment. The competency-based approach is viewed as a foundation for integrating cognitive, behavioral, and personal components into the educational process. The theoretical and methodological framework includes an analysis of Russian and international concepts. It explores the structure, levels, components, and typologies of competencies–key, professional, and social–alongside pedagogical principles guiding their development. The article systematizes existing classifications encompassing universal, interdisciplinary, and professionally oriented dimensions, which serve as a foundation for student training aimed at interdisciplinary integration and practical application and the development of communicative skills. The practical section presents speech-based motor tasks designed to develop linguistic, argumentative-discursive, and coordination-communicative subcompetencies. These tasks are based on professional speech situations and include elements of physical activity, fostering the development of communicative skills, speech behavior, coordination, and adequate responsiveness in foreign language communication. The experimental findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, highlighting the relevance and practical value of the competency-based approach in professionally oriented foreign language education.