“Lifeworld" concept in symbolic interactionism, phenomenology and communicative action pragmatics. Part I

The article proposes our approach in presenting the key parameters of the definition “life world” from the point of view of symbolic interactionism, phenomenology and pragmatics of communicative action as fundamental components of sociological theories. The relevance of this article is that it clearly demonstrates how the main macro trends in the humanities - Marxism, functionalism, and Weberianism, which attempt to represent role systems in their objective context - can be complemented by the constructive components of contemporary subjective-understanding microlevel sociology in the contexts of meaning structures and rules of interpretation, in terms of which the actor defines the situation, self-understanding, motivation, actions, and other dimensions of embeddedness with social roles in the context of the lifeworld. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the article shows the transitions from microlevels to macrostructural phenomena and back as the results of interactions and communications at the microlevel, including in the framework of theories of orders of interaction in I. Coffman’s models, interaction ritual chains by R. Collins, communicative action as mechanisms of symbolic reproduction in the models of J. Habermas, which allow studying the dynamics and contexts of individual and group “lifeworld” and its components. We have attempted an ambitious task - to identify the ways in which meaning and values acquire the status of social objectivity on the basis of reference points for understanding social action and communication in the field of intersubjectivity.