Manifestation of sadness in the Mongoliс languages

The article considers the words of the Mongolic languages naming such emotions as sadness, grief, melancholy, despondency from the etymological perspective. We have identified two groups of emotives, the first is based on the visual perception of a sad person, while the second arose due to the tactile perception of the internal sensations that complement these emotions. The meanings of the presented verbs arose as a result of metaphorical transfer. Sadness can be associated with drying (mong. элэг хатах ) and turning over (bur. эльгэ хүмэрихэ ) the liver, giving a bitter taste (mong. гашуудах ) and spoiling (mong. гутрах ). The ways of expressing emotions are determined by the culture of the people, and embodied in phraseological units that carry information about its basic values and worldview.