Methods of teaching technical terms in higher education

The effectiveness of the development of technical disciplines by students of higher professional institutions largely depends on the method of teaching.

The concept of "methodology" from ancient Greek is translated as a way of research, theory, teaching. In the basic understanding of the term methodology called branch of science in pedagogy, which is engaged in the study of the laws of the educational process in a particular discipline. The method in the educational process describes certain methods and techniques of the teacher.

Due to the rapid development of society, constant updating and additions of materials of technical disciplines, the learning process requires constant improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to train future specialists taking into account changes in teaching strategies and tactics[1].

Modern society does not stand still: the development of new technologies, an active process of internationalization, which includes the exchange of experience between students from different countries, international business trips, the promotion of global brands lead to the fact that English is increasingly required in the employment of graduates. In addition to spoken English, factories and companies require knowledge of technical terms in English. There is an urgent need for the study of technical terms in English in the learning process in colleges and universities. Of course, this will entail a lot of difficulties associated with additional preparation of the teacher for the lesson and with the control of knowledge, it will also require additional time and space during the lesson.

It is necessary to choose the optimal method of teaching technical terms in English.

Active teaching methods are the most successful methods of mastering the information received by students. The essence of these methods is that the student is an active participant in the learning process. In this case, the activity of the student is productive, creative and exploratory in nature. Active teaching methods include didactic games, analysis of specific situations, problem solving, algorithm training, brainstorming, non-contextual operations with concepts and much more. Each of the founders of active learning methods leads its classification of these methods in different directions.

For example, S.V.Petrushin by the nature of educational and cognitive activity active training is divided into simulation and non-simulation methods. The difference between these two methods is that the simulation methods are an imitation of the process of professional activity of the employee of a particular technical field, and not simulation methods, in turn, in the course of training do not use the model of the studied process.

The meaning of the methods is to rank the specific features of objects or actions, the design of objects, the solution of engineering problems.

One of the effective methods of teaching technical disciplines is the method of "round table". This method involves the study of the problems of professional activity through collective discussion. The main purpose of the method application of theoretical skills in practice in an environment that simulates, for example, any technical process of manufacturing products in the enterprise. Thanks to the method of "round table" the student develops the ability to think creatively and make decisions, acquires the ability to use professional knowledge in the course of educational activities.

The method of the "round table" involves training sessions in the form of various seminars and discussions.

Training seminar is a discussion of messages, preparation of reports, abstracts, conducting various kinds of research. It is worth noting that the seminars are considered the most effective form of training of engineers in higher education.

Educational discussion this is a method in which there is a discussion of points of view and the resolution of various kinds of problems. To date, this method is recognized as one of the main forms of educational activities that contribute to the formation of reflexive thinking. The result of the discussion, as a rule, can be any General agreement, a new look at the problem, a proposal for a joint solution of students and teachers.

One of the effective methods of teaching technical disciplines is also partially-search method and research method. According to these methods, the presentation of educational material takes place with the help of logical-semantic models and tasks. First, the teacher explains the algorithm for creating a model, then the students are tasked with compiling such a model on the proposed topic. The student, working with verbal representation of educational material, acquires the skill of managing the course of assimilation of the knowledge gained in the learning process.

Being an old technique, the project method is very relevant in modern education due to giving teachers the opportunity to base the educational process on awaking the learners’ interest in the knowledge they obtain, the information which can and will be important for their future lives and careers. Project method belongs to the category of a “trouble-shooting technique” and implies not only finding solutions to problems but also applying the experience gained in life, fostering independent thinking, self-confidence and social responsibility. In other words, such an activity as a project method involves learners in the process of solving a practical problem over a period of several days or weeks. Classroom projects can be suggested by teachers, but they are planned and executed as far as possible by the students themselves, individually or in groups.

Conducting classes in accordance with part-search and research methods develops technical thinking, which should be developed by students of technical specialties.

At the moment, such methods are widely used for teaching English as:

• 1.    Fundamental (classical approach: understanding language as a real and full-fledged means of communication)

• 2.    Linguosociocultural method (facilitate understanding of the interlocutor, forming a sense on an intuitive level).

• 3.    Communicative approach (ability to communicate).

• 4.    Intensive technique (learning the language with the help of formulaic expressions, phrases and words).

• 5.    Emotional-semantic method (free language communication of the teacher with students from the first lesson. Phrase and design remember course).

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Since the training of technical terms in English is applied in nature, it is advisable to choose from the proposed techniques that will allow you to quickly and efficiently absorb new information in the classroom. Preference can be given to intensive methodology. It allows you to learn as much information as possible in the shortest time. The essence of this technique is that in the classroom, instead of memorizing grammar and words, various game technologies are used. The game allows you to focus on the subject of study, and at the same time to motivate even the most "lazy" students. An example of such games can be: crossword, extra word, verbs, guess the word, Board Race and others.

Thus, today a number of methods of teaching technical disciplines in higher education have been developed. The choice of a specific method of training should be made in accordance with the complexity of the development of the material, the level of initial training of students in the development of technical discipline.

Teaching methods should be thought out in all details on the organization and conduct of the educational process with the unconditional provision of comfortable conditions for both students and teachers. It can be noted that the presented method has more advantages than difficulties. Theoretically, this technique can take place in the educational system, as it will improve the level of English of students at all levels of education, will help to activate the mental activity of students in the process of formation of new knowledge in the classroom. However, the introduction of this technique in the education system will take time to retrain teachers.