The Methodological Foundations of Technical Training in Swimming for Polyathlon Athletes

The article examines the methodological foundations of technical training in swimming within the structure of polyathlon, a complex multi-event sport that requires the integration of physical, technical, and psychological preparation. The study substantiates the necessity of a comprehensive approach to technical development, emphasizing the interaction between motor coordination, biomechanical efficiency, and psychophysiological regulation in achieving stable performance outcomes. The theoretical analysis of existing pedagogical models and scientific concepts highlights that polyathlon athletes face unique challenges: limited time for technical specialization, alternating training loads of different energy orientations, and the need to maintain technical stability under fatigue conditions. The role of a systematic, staged, and variable technical training is emphasized, ensuring the development of stable motor skills and improving competitive performance. The practical significance of this study lies in the possibility of applying the developed methodological provisions in the design of training programs for polyathlon athletes of various qualifications. The proposed framework can also be implemented in youth sports and coach education systems to improve the pedagogical efficiency of technical training and optimize long-term athlete development in multi-event disciplines.