Migration and migrant literature: hybridity and ambivalence

Currently, we live in the world of constant changes and movements, there is nothing stable in the world, and the borders between countries, cultures and people are blurred. The phenomenon of migration covers and is reflected at almost all levels of functioning of society and the country, which is why such types as political, educational, legal, advertising, religious, tourist, environmental, including artistic or literary, can be distinguished within the migration discourse. The migrant is the main hero of the 21st century. There have always been and are intellectuals, artists and writers among the huge number of migrants who voluntarily or involuntarily left their country and chose another place to live. It is explained how a new type of literature is appeared, which is called migrational or migrant literature, and the purpose of which is to illustrate various social, cultural, economic and political aspects of the life of migrants in conditions alien to them in the host society. The rapid development of literature on migration is associated with postcolonialism, from an ideological point of view it is the concept of liberation, the opportunity to read not only their own texts, but also to rethink the texts of other world authors from the point of view of their cultural specificity. Postcolonial theory examines the fears, hopes and desires of oppressed groups regarding their future and their own identity, ways to overcome political and cultural domination. The article is attempted to clarify the thematic and structural characteristics of the migration literature. The main topics in the literature on migration are the description of the main character's journey from one place to another, ways to overcome cultural and social differences, stages of adaptation and integration in a new society, the causes of migration, the inner world of the character in the complex process of changing familiar conditions and environment, and the results that a person achieves.