Modular training in teaching foreign languages

The term "module" goes back to the Latin word modulus - "measure" and is widely used both in pedagogy and in a number of other sciences. The module as a training program is individualized in content, methods and techniques of instruction, the level of independence, the pace of cognitive activity of the student, and therefore modular training differs significantly from other teaching systems in the teaching of foreign languages. The essence of this method is that the student must himself study the selected part of the course according to an individually developed scheme. The main provisions of the personality-oriented approach in the practice of teaching foreign languages is the predominant role of the student's independent work, in which he is an active subject of learning activity and where he himself controls the learning process and monitors the result of mastering a foreign language. When using modular training in universities, the most relevant method is the study and use of innovative technologies. At a specialized level of teaching a foreign language, it is necessary to use modular training technologies, the main purpose of which is the readiness and ability of a university student to independently study a foreign language.

The main principle and content of training is presented in completed independent complexes-modules (information blocks) that are developed and offered for teaching by teachers. Complexes-modules are a methodical guide to its application, where not only the volume of the studied content, but also the level of its assimilation is indicated. The student's skills such as independence, selfplanning, self-organization, self-control and self-esteem come to the forefront, as well as the desire to devote a maximum of time to acquire these qualities not only in studying foreign languages, but also in studying other sciences and subjects. Unfortunately, not all students of the first year, where specialized training in foreign languages take place, have already formed quality data at the initial stage of training. In this case, the teacher needs to divide the main educational goal into stages, for the solution of problems it becomes necessary to form it within the framework of the individual educational elements of the module. The relationship between the teacher and the student is based on subject-subject relations, the result of which is independence and awareness to achieve the required level in modular training and where the necessary degree of student adaptation to the new conditions of the methodological and pedagogical process occurs.

With subject-subject relations in modular training, the teacher develops so-called instructions or methodological instructions that help the student, when using these instructions, independently acquire knowledge with the help of information provided to him using modular learning technology, which is based on free handling of educational material. The task of the teacher is to manage the student's academic activity, the constant encouragement and motivation of their independent work. The cycle of self-classroom or extracurricular work and selfcontrol is carried out according to the keys. This is central, because it is the complete technology of self-learning and self-control. The material for assimilation, arranged in blocks, is given to each student for independent work. The student finds and fixes the supporting summary of the instructional material explained by the teacher, makes a series of exercises on his mastering and step-by-step self-control by keys, gets acquainted with the requirements and the plan of the project assignment (if it is provided as the final stage of mastering the module), finds out the terms of work on the module and the time the final test. Each module is the integration of different types and forms of training, and the training material as a single unit, aimed at solving common problems and the main goal, which is based on the problem of learning.

When developing the structure of the module, it is necessary to take into account the individual traits of the trainees for easy changes in the content of instruction and the possibility of its application in teaching foreign languages, where a complex didactic goal is indicated, which is realized as a personally significant expected result.

So, modular training has the following advantages. This is independence, in which students reach a specific goal of the learning process - they fix knowledge on a particular topic. Since students spend a lot of time in self-study during the training process, students acquire such important skills as self-organization, self- control and self-esteem. Students have the opportunity to realize themselves in the learning process, independently determine the level of mastering knowledge, see the shortcomings in their knowledge and skills and eliminate these shortcomings. The use of the learning elements of modules develops such qualities of the student's personality as independence and collectivism. The use of modular training is facilitated by the change and improvement in terms of the effectiveness of traditional methods of teaching grammar, vocabulary, etc. The joint work of the teacher and student is based on an individual approach and has a coordinating-consultative approach. Modular training uses the student's personal experience; conditions for individual work are created, where training programs are defined; the student has the opportunity to self-actualize, get positive results in the learning process, the teacher develops various individual approaches in the learning process. The main function of the teacher in modular training, as already mentioned above, is based on an individual approach to each student - consulting and coordinating. This technology of teaching allows the student not only to cram the studied material, which is rather typical for the traditional system of training, but independently to extract information on a given topic. This form of work teaches the student to search for the necessary information without anybody's leadership role, which is extremely necessary for the formation of an individual and a professional in his activity. Such training is more effective than communication with an audience of 20 people. This is much more effective than the usual form of training and makes you think, rather than stupidly memorize the material given out.

The main disadvantages of modular training include the following: compilation of modules is a rather troublesome and time-consuming process for the teacher and takes a lot of time; not always the student is morally ready for selfstudy, since he has no motivation to study this subject, because he considers it secondary. In this case, the teacher is required to make every effort to convince the student of the need to learn a foreign language for success in his future profession and only then to offer modular training. In some cases it is not possible to apply the modular training method on any material; sometimes it is impossible to apply emotional-figurative or descriptive material for teaching.