Brain, mind, soul in the context of the dialogue between science and religion

In this paper an attempt is made to analyze contemporary discussions about relationship between brain and conscience, and also a related concept of human soul. It is shown that the reductionist paradigm, presently dominating in neurobiology, cannot be considered sufficient to explain human consciousness. The emergentist approach, now widely spread among a number of scientists and philosophers, allows to give a more adequate solution of the conscience problem. It is shown that, in spite of a big value of the emergentist understanding of mental processes, this approach is insufficient from theological point of view, it should be corrected with theological understanding of human being as unity of soul and body.