On the possible religious and philosophical motivation of the nature of attitudes towards school education in antiquity and ancient Rus’

The article examines the question of the nature of attitudes towards school education in Antiquity and Ancient Rus’. It seems symptomatic that, in one way or another, perceiving the Platonic principle (a kind of epistemological eschatologism), the Old Russian culture, unlike the ancient one, nevertheless confronted the tradition of school education, consciously dissociated itself from it. It is assumed that this could be motivated by the difference in religious ontology, proceeding from the «affinity» of the divine and human principles in Platonism, and their radical difference (as «uncreated» and «created») in the biblical-Christian Revelation. Given the axiological homogeneity (hierarchical uncertainty) of ancient Russian culture, the choice between “faith” and “school” could be unambiguous - in favor of “faith”.