Assessment of ecological and cenotic conditions of Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Sоо (Orchidaceae juss.) Vyatka-Kama interfluve

Species of the Orchid family (Orchidaceae Juss.) are the most vulnerable elements of natural ecosystems due to their biological characteristics and high sensitivity to edaphotopic conditions. Most representatives of Orchids are listed in the Red books of various ranks and are protected in conservation areas. Spotted orchid Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soo) is included in the European list of vascular plants (LC category), in Annex II to the CITES Convention, as well as in the Red books of 25 regions of the Russian Federation, including the Kirov region - category 3. The aim of the study was to assess the ecological and cenotic preferences of D. maculata in the taiga zone of the Vyatka-Kama inter-stream area. Identification of environmental preferences of D. maculata was carried out according to the indicative environmental scales of D. N. Tsyganov (1983). As a result of research conducted in the taiga zone of the Kirov region, it was found that the species was characterized by a wide potential range for most of the considered factors. It was revealed that in relation to the complex of all environmental scales of D. N. Tsyganov, D. maculata belonged to mesobiont species (It = 0.54). According to the combination of climatic factors, D.maculata belongs to the hemistenovalent species (It = 0.44). According to the light-shading factor, it belongs to eurybiont species (It = 0.67). In relation to the complex of soil factors, D. maculata is a hemieyrivalent (It = 0.60). It is shown that D. maculata is a species that tolerates minor and moderate anthropogenic influence. O (oligo-) and m (meso-) hemerobic species predominate in all the studied habitats of D. maculata.