Optimal combination of training influences on the preparation of elite judokas in the annual cycle

Aim. The paper is aimed at the elaboration and scientific argumentation of the optimum relationship between different components of elite judokas’ preparation during the annual training cycle. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the national judo male team of the Republic of Moldova (n = 24, 18-25 years). The research was focused on the elaboration of experimental methods for judokas’ preparation during the annual training cycle by using physical, technical-tactical, competitive and recovery training. A pre-competitive training mezzo-cycle (MzC) was planned by distributing the effort parameters to 5 micro-cycles (MiC-s), calculating the mean, ±SD and the correlation between the indicators of training MiC-s by using the Spearman Rank Correlation nonparametric test. The detailed analysis of the annual training plan highlights its structure formed of three periods, 12 MzC-s, and the relationship between physical, technical - tactical and recovery training. Results. The results of the statistical calculations reveal (mean; ±SD) the number of days per MiC, namely 3.6 ± 0.89 days; total duration per MiC - 280.35 ± 35.1 min; total duration per training session - 80.77±17.3 min; total duration of general physical training (GPT) 24.51±10.1 min; and of special training (ST) - 45.3 ± 56.3 min. Effort ratio per MiC is 19.08 ± 2.5 %; GPT is 30.0 ± 9.9 %, ST -70.0 ± 9.9 % and the ST means - 129.34 ± 42.92 reps; RANDOURI and SHIAI - 10 ± 5.0 min. The characteristics of elite judokas’ pre-competitive training and the correlation of effort parameters in the pre-competitive period were also analyzed. Conclusion. The results reveal strong correlations between all the indicators of effort and training means in each MiC of elite judokas’ pre-competitive training, which confirms that the combination of different training components improves motor skills and technical-tactical mastery.