Optimization of rutin encapsulation conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells

The aim of this study was to find rational modes of encapsulation of the biologically active substance rutin in living cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rutin is one of the most well studied flavonoids. Better known as vitamin P, rutin has shown antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiadipogenic, neuroprotective, and other properties in experimental studies. At the same time, rutin, like many other flavonoids, is an unstable substance, prone to oxidative degradation and actively entering into chemical reactions with a decrease or loss of bioactive properties. To minimize these problems, it is proposed to use the technology of rutin encapsulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. In this study, the encapsulation process was carried out using simple diffusion techniques into living cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For this, encapsulation modes were used under the conditions of a thermostatically controlled shaker; the duration of the process reached 24 hours. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of temperature and time factors on the efficiency of rutin encapsulation in yeast cells. The temperature conditions used were 28 °C, 32 °C and 37 °C. Encapsulation efficiency was determined 8, 16 and 24 hours after the start of the experiment. Studies have shown that both variable factors have a significant impact on the efficiency of loading biologically active substances into yeast cells. A direct dependence of the encapsulation efficiency index both on temperature and on the duration of the process has been established. However, it was noted that the use of an encapsulation temperature of 37 °C leads to the fact that in the second time period of 16-24 hours, the encapsulation efficiency decreases compared to the same time period at a temperature of 32 °C. Using two-way regression analysis during the optimization procedures, the most rational mode of rutin encapsulation in yeast cells was established, which was 22 hours at a temperature of 33.8 °C.