Основные побочные эффекты статинов в клинической практике

Основные побочные эффекты статинов в клинической практике

Автор: Чаулин Алексей Михайлович

Журнал: Клиническая практика @clinpractice

Рубрика: Обзоры

Статья в выпуске: 2 т.13, 2022 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Статины уже давно занимают центральное место в сердечно-сосудистой медицине, являясь неотъемлемым компонентом профилактики и лечения атеросклеротических сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ишемической болезни сердца и ее основных клинических форм - стенокардии и инфаркта миокарда; транзиторных ишемических атак; ишемических инсультов и др.). Блокируя ключевой фермент биосинтеза холестерина - 3-гидрокси-3-метилглутарилкоэнзим А редуктазу (ГМГ-КоА-редуктаза), статины нормализуют параметры липидного спектра, и в первую очередь сывороточные уровни атерогенного холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности. Однако, помимо благоприятных эффектов, статинам свойственны и побочные реакции, которые являются значимой проблемой в современной клинической практике в связи с тем, что могут вызывать опасные нарушения, вынуждая врачей снижать дозировки или полностью отменять данные препараты. Понимание побочных эффектов и механизмов, лежащих в основе их формирования, имеет важное значение для улучшения мероприятий по раннему выявлению, профилактике и лечению нарушений. В данном обзоре рассматриваются такие побочные эффекты статинов, как миотоксичность, гепатотоксичность, нефротоксичность, и обсуждаются их патогенетические механизмы. Особое внимание уделяется влиянию статинов на окислительный стресс, механизмы окислительного повреждения клеточных макромолекул (липидов, белков и ДНК) и их потенциальную роль в развитии миотоксичности, гепатотоксичности и нефротоксичности.

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Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, холестерин, липопротеины низкой плотности, статины, побочные эффекты, миотоксичность, гепатотоксичность, нефротоксичность, окислительный стресс, клиническая практика

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/143178800

IDR: 143178800   |   DOI: 10.17816/clinpract108076

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