Особенности организационных работ военного хозяйства Кыргызстана в годы Великой Отечественной войны

Features of the Organizational Work of the Military Economy of Kyrgyzstan During the Great Patriotic War

The relevance of the study is driven by the need for a deep reassessment of the historical experience of mobilizing the rear regions of the USSR in the context of modern challenges and strengthening national security. Understanding the transformation of Kyrgyzstan's economy allows us to identify the organizational mechanisms of shifting the national economy onto a war footing, combining the mobilization of rear resources with strict centralized planning and overcoming severe socio-economic challenges. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to conduct a comprehensive historical analysis of the organizational features of the restructuring, functioning, and adaptation of Kyrgyzstan's military economy during the Great Patriotic War (1941‒1945). As the source base of the study, a complex of archival documents from central and regional archives was used, reflecting the activities of party, Soviet, and economic bodies of the Kirghiz SSR during the wartime period. The methodological basis of the work consisted of the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, and systematic approach. The research applied the comparative-historical method, which allowed comparing the volumes of industrial production before and during the war, as well as the historical-genetic approach to trace the dynamics of evacuation processes and the adaptation of the evacuated population. In the course of the work, it was established that the military economy of Kyrgyzstan restructured to produce defense goods in the shortest possible time. The key stages of receiving and launching evacuated plants and factories, which played an important role in supplying the Red Army with armaments, ammunition, and uniforms, were identified. The scale of labor mobilization of the population (including women and youth) replacing qualified personnel who went to the front is characterized. Specific measures to overcome the food crisis, develop the local raw material base, and provide medical care to evacuated citizens are shown. The conducted analysis shows that the rear region of Kyrgyzstan made a significant contribution to the common victory, despite the extreme deficit of material and labor resources. The transformation of the economic mechanism of the Central Asian republics in wartime demonstrated the high mobilization capacity of a planned economy, although it was accompanied by serious social difficulties. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by introducing previously unpublished archival materials that reveal the inside story of rear-area work into scientific circulation.