Features of heart rate variability indicators of female students living in areas with different ecological conditions

The statistical indicators of the physiological state of the circulatory system of female students were studied in this work on the analysis of heart rate variability. The study involved girls studying at National Research University Belgorod State University, divided into four groups: the first group (control) - students living in Chernyanskiy district of Belgorod region with the least environmental pollution; the second, third and fourth groups (experimental) - subjects living in the polluted areas of Belgorod district, Shebekinskiy and Yakovlevskiy urban districts of Belgorod region, respectively. Each group included at least 35 people aged 18 to 20 years. In the study, we used the software “Poly-Spectrum- Rhythm” (Neurosoft LLC, Ivanovo). The third group girls showed a decrease in the values of SDNN and RMSSD, compared with the first and second groups, respectively, which determines the strengthening of the sympathetic regulation of the autonomic nervous system. In contrast to the students from the first and second groups, a decrease in the pNN50 value is observed in the students of the third group, indicating a decrease in the parasympathetic effect of the autonomic nervous system on the modulation of the heart rate. Thus, according to the analysis of heart rate variability in the time domain, the subjects living in Belgorod district, Shebekinskiy and Yakovlevskiy urban districts of Belgorod Region, revealed a decrease in the parasympathetic effect of the autonomic nervous system on the heart rate. It has been established that the functioning of the cardiovascular system of girls is affected by living in cities, as well as in close proximity to industria l enterprises. In female students living in areas with high levels of environmental pollution, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system has a predominant effect on the regulation of the heart rhythm.