Park of culture and recreation as a communicative and public space: approaches to comprehension

The article is devoted to identifying the factors that contributed to the transformation of the park of culture and recreation into a communicative and public space, turning it into a «third place». The author notes that a city dweller can live comfortably only if he masters the space of the city and learns the rules of behavior in it. One of the city’s communication platforms is parks, where interaction between subjects is established on the basis of similar interests. The basis of communication in this case is thematization, due to which the subject’s behavior is adjusted. It is emphasized that already at the beginning of the twentieth century a trend emerged, the development of which resulted in a transformation of ideas about urban space, about the understanding of the signi cance of public or public spaces. The author analyzes the main concepts that in uenced the formation of ideas about public and public space (H. Arendt, R. Sennett, J. Habermas, etc.), the approach of W. Kristeller, who wrote about the relationship between the city and the environment. The author concludes that a park as a public space can help solve the problem of fragmentation of the urban environment, both physical and social space (in particular, overcoming the social isolation of citizens). The park of culture and recreation can certainly be classi ed as a “third place”. He maintained this status both during the Soviet period and at present.