Патогенез начальных стадий тяжелой формы COVID-19
Автор: Голота Александр Сергеевич, Камилова Татьяна Аскаровна, Шнейдер Ольга Вадимовна, Вологжанин Дмитрий Александрович, Щербак Сергей Григорьевич
Журнал: Клиническая практика @clinpractice
Рубрика: Обзоры
Статья в выпуске: 2 т.12, 2021 года.
Бесплатный доступ
С тех пор как SARS-CoV-2 появился среди людей, научное сообщество старалось собрать как можно больше информации, чтобы найти эффективные стратегии сдерживания и лечения этого пандемического коронавируса. Мы провели обзор текущей опубликованной литературы по SARS-CoV-2 с акцентом на особенностях его распространения в тканях и жидкостях организма человека, а также данных об экспрессии его входных рецепторов на клеточной поверхности. COVID-19 разными способами затрагивает множество систем органов. Эти разнообразные проявления связаны с вирусным тропизмом и иммунным ответом организма инфицированного человека, но точные механизмы еще не вполне объяснимы. Мы подчеркиваем широкий органотропизм SARS-CoV-2, поскольку многие исследования выявили вирусные компоненты (РНК, белки) во многих органах, включая иммунные клетки, глотку, трахею, легкие, кровь, сердце, сосуды, кишечник, мозг, почки и мужские репродуктивные органы. Вирусные компоненты присутствуют в различных жидкостях организма, таких как слизь, слюна, моча, спинномозговая жидкость, сперма и грудное молоко. ACE2 - основной рецептор входа SARS-CoV-2 - экспрессируется на разных уровнях во многих тканях по всему человеческому телу, но уровни его экспрессии не всегда соответствуют обнаружению SARS-CoV-2, что указывает на сложное взаимодействие между вирусом и человеком. Мы также освещаем роль ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы и ее ингибиторов в контексте COVID-19. Кроме того, SARS-CoV-2 обладает различными стратегиями, широко используемыми в различных тканях, для уклонения от противовирусного врожденного иммунитета. Таргетирование медиаторов уклонения вируса от иммунитета может блокировать его репликацию у пациентов с COVID-19. Вместе эти данные проливают свет на текущее представление о патогенезе SARS-CoV-2 и закладывают основу для лучшей диагностики и лечения пациентов с COVID-19.
Covid-19, коронавирус, sars-cov-2, рецептор ace2, противовирусный иммунитет, патогенез covid-19
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/143175854
IDR: 143175854 | DOI: 10.17816/clinpract71351
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