Translation against the background of Russian culture of the 18th century

The evaluation of the role of translation in the eighteen-century Russian culture is represented by various researchers’ opinions that are characterised by either breadth or narrowness of their approach, conditioned by the factors inherent in the epoch. The factual material represented in the article illustrates the categorisation of translation in our country of the eighteenth century — the century of the global translation in Russia, and confirms the necessity of re-comprehension of the stated period of the translation activity in the light of new knowledge paradigms — those ones of culture and cognition.