The problem of building and implementing the didactic capabilities of a modern lecture for graduate students (on the example of the discipline of choice “Philosophy of ethnos”)

The actual applied problems of modern pedagogy of higher education include the processes of educational adaptation of participants in educational relations “lecturer-listener”, as well as pedagogical improvement of teachers-lecturers of higher education institutions. The authors raise the issue in the context of developing both classroom and online lectures on the discipline "philosophy of ethnos" for postgraduates. The article examines the role and significance of ethnophilosophical knowledge for the formation of such universal competencies as critical analysis or generating new ideas in science. The peculiarities of pedagogical interaction between the lecturer and students, of course, ensure the success of the teaching process. Using the example of observations made by one of the authors of the article at the faculty of philosophy, we describe such key characteristics of lectures by leading Russian philosophers as the identification of the problem field, discussion and interactivity. In the conclusions, the applied aspect of lecturer’s didactic and pedagogical skills in shaping the generic competencies of graduate students regarding the need to focus the audience's attention through modulation in the intonations and articulations on relevant concepts, judgments, conclusions is highlighted. The skills of setting the problem field of learning and understanding the audience of the topic, posing the issues for students to motivate them for analytical and comparative mental operations and acting as a communicative leader, contributing to interactive lectures are also noted.