The role of magnetic resonance imaging in repeated antitumor therapy of local recurrence of nonmetastatic prostate cancer

The literature review is devoted to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) performed in prostate cancer before and after radiotherapy (RT) or radical prostatectomy (RPE) to detect local recurrence of prostate cancer using the unified PI-RR (prostate imaging recurrence reporting) reporting system. The review is based on international recommendations on the methodology and analysis of mpMRI results in the diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer, published in 2021. The proposed recommendations, through the use of a standardized and structured approach to mpMRI, evaluated on a 5-point scale, significantly increased the reliability of conclusions about the presence or absence of local recurrence of prostate cancer. Diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI performed after radical radiotherapy and prostatectomy play a leading role in detecting local recurrence of prostate cancer among individual scales (assessment criteria). These scales take into account the relationship between the identified imaging criteria and the characteristics of the primary tumor before special treatment and the occurrence of recurrence of prostate cancer after antitumor treatment. Visualization in the T2-weighted images mode, evaluated on a 5-point scale, gives an idea of the general anatomy of the prostate gland (prostate gland), its bed, but does not affect the reliable detection of recurrence of prostate cancer in the framework of an mpMRI study. In general, retrospective studies have shown promising results of mpMRI in detecting local recurrence of prostate cancer due to the reproducibility and accuracy of the data assessment and conclusion system for interpreting prostate MRI, assessing the likelihood of clinically significant cancer (PI-RADS – Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System).