The role of T-cell subpopulations in the pathogenesis and therapy of Parkinson's disease (literature review)

The review of the literature is devoted to the key role of T-lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), a change in the number and function of which in the periphery and brain leads to a deep imbalance of the immune system during the development of the disease. Experimental and clinical data on the participation of pro-inflammatory (Th1 and Th17) and anti-inflammatory (Th2 and T-reg) immune cells in the process of neuroinflammation and degeneration of dopamine neurons are considered. Data are presented on the possibility of using the evaluation of peripheral T-cells as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Methods for modulating the T-cell response as an effective strategy for neuroprotection are discussed.