Russian and Chinese neologisms from the component "language"

The article describes the idioms comprising component «language». The novelty of the research is determined by conclusion that semantics of the idioms of Russian is described insufficiently against the background of other languages, such as Chinese. The solution to this problem is related to the general problem of the definition of cultural and national particularities of idioms. The article analyzes the lexical-semantic structure of Russian idioms. Article founds that most of the Russian idioms based on the homonym language - ' organ of speech'; small group based on the homonym language - 'means of communication'. On the material of idioms dictionaries of the Chinese the article reviews the identify such Chinese idioms, which correspond in semantic terms to Russian idioms with component «language». The authors argue that between the Russian and Chinese phraseology is not observed fully semantic matching.