Next-generation sequencing (NGS): application in molecular genetic studies in oncology

Next-generation sequencing as a complex high-throughput diagnosis and prognosis molecular genetic method is actively implemented in practical medicine. Whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and different targeted region panels for NGS are available now. In this review fundamental principles and technologies of high-throughput sequencing for the currently used commercial platforms (library preparation, sequencing and obtained data processing) are considered, as well as the application of this method in clinical oncology to identify germline and somatic mutations in the targeted genes and search for new cancer associated genetic variants.