Content of structural carbohydrates in feeds made in the Vologda region

A certain amount of crude fiber is necessary for ruminants as a source of energy to stimulate the rumen activity as well as to maintain health and milk fat content. It has a mechanical effect on the walls of the rumen and intestines, causes the motor function and peristalsis, lengthens the chewing process, and, finally, results in increased salivating; the saliva undergoes an alkaline reaction, which ensures the rumen acidity at a pH level of 6.5-7.0. The optimal fiber content in diets depends on the animal productivity, their physiological state, feeding structure and other factors. For cows, the optimal amount of crude fiber in the dry matter is to be 17- 22%, and roughage fiber is to be at least 14%. For highly productive cows, this indicator is to be 16-18%. A decrease in fiber less than 16% causes digestive troubles, reproportion of volatile fatty acids and a decrease in milk fat. Excess fiber reduces digestibility and utilization of other nutrients.