Modern aspects of surgical treatment of coronary heart disease. Literature review

Introduction. CFor many decades, cardiovascular diseases have been in the first place worldwide and in the Russian Federation in terms of incidence and mortality (up to 40 %). Long-term scientific research in the field of therapeutic treatment has led to a significant improvement in the situation of reducing mortality from coronary heart disease. However, persistent disability forced the search for more radical methods of treating the disease. This was the surgical treatment aimed at revascularization of the myocardium. The purpose of the work: to highlight the current issues of myocardial revascularization in coronary heart disease according to literary sources. Materials and methods. In the course of the work, 116 scientific articles were analyzed. The search was conducted in scientific databases: eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed for 2010–2026. The main part. The paper highlights the main issues of surgical and endovascular treatment of coronary artery disease. The literature sources describing the use and results of CABG and MCG from mini-access on a working heart are considered. The expansion of indications for bypass surgery, the possibility and result of using MiECC, and the addition of coronary artery bypass grafting by extracardial revascularization methods have been determined. The issues of necessity and expediency of performing simultaneous operations and operations in acute myocardial infarction are also considered. Conclusion. Many years of experience in the use of surgical methods for the treatment of coronary heart disease leaves many unresolved questions regarding the optimization of long-term results. A personalized approach to the choice of surgery reduces the percentage of complications and deaths. This work allows us to conclude that further research on this issue is necessary.