Modern methods of prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications of contact and extracorporeal lithotripsy

Currently, the most widespread in the surgical treatment of urolithiasis are extracorporeal lithotripsy and endoscopic operations, including laser methods for stones destruction. Despite the high efficiency of modern methods of endoscopic and extracorporeal lithotripsy, new methods and technologies have introduced new risk factors for the development of postoperative complications, of which infectious and inflammatory are the leading ones: pyelonephritis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), including urosepsis. To assess the main causes and risk factors for the occurrence of infectious and inflammatory complications, as well as modern methods for their prevention, a critical analysis of the literature data was conducted with a synthesis of currently available original research results on the prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications of contact and extracorporeal lithotripsy. Analyzed scientific publications containing materials on this topic, published in the PubMed, eLibrary and other available sources, official recommendations of leading world urological communities.