Modern features of the labor market of the Kyrgyz Republic: educational and gender structure of the workforce

The labor market is one of the key elements of a country’s socio-economic system, reflecting the level of economic development, the quality of life of the population, and the effectiveness of government policies. In the context of the transformation of the Kyrgyz Republic’s economy, the labor market is undergoing significant changes driven by demographic processes, migration, structural shifts in the economy, and the development of the education system. The article examines the main indicators of the labor market, including labor force participation, employment, and unemployment, as well as the distribution of employed persons by place of residence. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the workforce structure by education level and gender. The results of the study show that the employed population of the republic generally possesses a fairly high educational potential: a significant share of workers have higher and secondary vocational education. At the same time, persistent gender differences were identified - the share of women with higher and secondary vocational education exceeds the corresponding indicators among men. The conclusions highlight the important role of the education system in shaping the country’s quality labor potential and emphasize the need to take educational and gender aspects into account when developing employment policies. The results obtained can be used in the formation of labor market and human capital development programs in the Kyrgyz Republic.