Ways to limit overvoltages and increase safety when operating synchronous reluctance and inductor motors

Damage to the windings of motors leads not only to their failure, but also to the risk of electric shock. An analysis of the damageability of motor windings revealed a significant negative impact of overvoltage on this indicator. Methods are presented for limiting overvoltages in synchronous reluctance and inductor motors of a structural and control nature by changing the harmonic composition of the current in the phase windings and the geometry of the active part of the motors near the air gap. The concept of the dynamic power factor was introduced, which made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of optimization, including the search for a compromise between increasing the efficiency of electromechanical energy conversion and reducing the values of supply voltage parameters. By introducing the third harmonic into the spectral composition of the current in the windings of a synchronous reluctance motor with a gear rotor with an amplitude equal to 10 % of the amplitude of the fundamental harmonic, it was possible to increase the specific electromagnetic torque and reduce the value of the supply voltage. By changing the ratio of magnetizing and torque-forming currents in the phase windings of synchronous reluctance motors by changing the load angle, and in the windings of inductor motors by changing the load angle and by regulating them, a 40 % reduction in the supply voltage parameters was obtained at 20 % reduction in electromagnetic torque.