Comparative study of cognitive dysfunctions and severity of depression in patients with rigid bradykinetic and tremor-rigid forms of Parkinson's disease

Background. The observed worldwide increase in vascular lesions of the brain is indirectly recognized as one of the causes of the development of parkinsonism. From the onset of the disease and during the course of the disease, non-motor symptoms have a more negative effect than motor ones. An increase in the proportion of the elderly in many countries of the world will lead to an almost twofold increase in the number of those suffering from parkinsonism. Russian and foreign authors consider the presence/absence of tremor to be the main characteristic feature of differentiating types of Parkinson's disease (PD). There are multiple differences in different forms of PD: in the rate of progression, areas and regions of brain degeneration, predisposition to the development of cognitive and motor dysfunctions. Objective: detection of cognitive dysfunctions and severity of depression depending on the rigid-bradykinetic and tremor-rigid forms of the condition in Parkinson's disease; comparative analysis of the results based on the materials of psychodiagnostic testing of patients with two forms of PD. Results. The total number of the study sample was 24 individuals. 13 individuals with a rigid-bradykinetic form of the condition (n=13; group 1) and 11 people with a tremor-rigid form of the condition (n=11; group 2) were examined. The age of the subjects ranged from 56 to 79 years. Data were obtained on the presence of moderate cognitive disorders, visual-modal memory impairments, and mild depressive symptoms in both groups of examined patients. A comparative analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in the volume of short-term and long-term auditory-speech memory in patients with a tremor-rigid form compared with patients with a rigid-bradykinetic form of PD.