Studying implants with different coating types in an in vivo experiment

Objective: to evaluate the safety and osseointegration properties of experimental implant specimens with different types of coatings in an in vivo experiment in rats. Materials and Methods. A morphological study was performed on 60 laboratory sexually mature rats. The study materials were implant specimens from four groups with different types of VT6 titanium alloy coatings. Results. Biological compatibility of all implant specimens was confirmed. In the uncoated implant group, no significant bone formation was observed, and implant stability remained low by Month 2 (2.9±1.1 pts on the implant stability scale). Chitosan-coated implants exhibited low stability (1.8±0.1 pts by Week 2), but significant stimulation of osteogenesis was observed. In the antibacterial coating group, good integration and minimal implant mobility were noted (3.4±0.3 pts after one), and the antibacterial coating was preserved for two weeks. Conclusion: Hydroxyapatite and chitosan coatings contributed to quicker osseointegration via stimulating angiogenesis, stromal collagen synthesis, and bone formation, while maintaining full biocompatibility and rapid biodegradation. The antibacterial coating ensured rapid relief of inflammation in the postoperative wound area.