The issue of educational technology and techniques

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In the given article highlights use issue of teaching technologies and techniques. In practical terms, the problem of educational technology attracts attention because of radical social, technical, technological, educational and other changes taking place in society.

Knowledge teaching technologies, techniques, pedagogical technology, network technology, distance education, case technology

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Текст научной статьи The issue of educational technology and techniques

The concept of "pedagogical technology" - one of the new, but already firmly entered the pedagogical lexicon, even though the understanding and use of the term, there are different interpretations. In practical terms, the problem of educational technology attracts attention because of radical social, technical, technological, educational and other changes taking place in society. Considering the issue of its status in the categorical apparatus of pedagogy, taxonomy, hierarchy of technologies through the levels, the place and the object of their application in the educational field (types of technology educational systems, technology of educational process in the educational institution, teaching techniques specific discipline, technology solutions specific pedagogical objectives, the technology of legal education, and others.).

Educational technology involves special selection and arrangement of the organizational and procedural components in a coherent and integrated use of forms, methods, techniques and tools, training and supervision aimed at solving a particular problem in the pedagogical process and providing maximum to achieve an appropriate outcome of pedagogical her.

Depending on the organization and methods of implementation of educational technology are divided into traditional and intensive («new", "innovative", "active", "modern"). Traditional teaching techniques are based on a common, long-established, practice repeatedly proven pedagogical principles, traditions, practices, methods, forms of teaching. Although the term "technology" in the scientific pedagogical revolution came in the 1970s. But that is designated to them now, it was conceived and has been used previously and called a close within the meaning of the term "method". It is now called them and traditional technologies.

The methodology - a set of teaching, educational, training or developing methods, techniques, tools and techniques that characterize the joint work of teachers and students.

Algorithm teacher, as a rule, is built on the following logic. First, he convinces the student (educability) the importance and feasibility of solutions specific educational objectives, and then teach him how to solve it, constantly stimulating, monitoring and evaluating phases and the results of its work.

It uses traditional methods of influence on the person: Explanation, persuasion, suggestion, display, exercise, habituation, promotion, monitoring, diagnostics (tests, exams, tests, certification), assessment, etc. They are rarely isolated applied and used in the complex.

Persuasion - is a versatile effect on the mind, feelings and will of man to form his particular worldview, values, and desired qualities. The most important role in persuading play such tricks as an explanation, lecture, discussion, debate, suggestion, example, awareness.

The effectiveness of methods of persuasion depends on compliance with a number of educational requirements, including:

  • 1)    High prestige of the teacher;

  • 2)    Reliance on the experience of students (pupils);

  • 3)    Sincerity, concreteness and accessibility of the means of persuasion;

  • 4)    Combination of belief and practice of schooling;

  • 5)    Taking into account the age and individual characteristics of students and others.

Exercise - is systematically organized execution of learners (pupils) of the various actions of practical affairs with the aim of developing skills, abilities, habits and personality development.

Schooling - an organization of systematic and regular performance of learners (pupils) of certain actions in order to create positive habits.

Group learning methods include: explanatory and illustrative and reproductive techniques; Problem presentation method, part-search (heuristic) method, research and others.

Stimulation techniques involve incitement to reflection, experience, to take action. These include praise, encouragement, reproof, competition, reproach, condemnation, hint, approval, confidence, punishment, etc.

The main varieties are divided into primary technology education technology; education technology; training and technology development technology. Here they are considered mostly in relation to the practice of a parent, leader training, an official working with the staff of the organization.

The specifics of education technology depend on the kind of education -. Continuous, open, remote, etc. Each of them is associated with the necessity of a special construction of the pedagogical process, special forms and methods, technology transfer and assimilation of educational material.

The concept of lifelong education envisages the rational allocation of periods of study and employment rights for life; gradual increase education levels and the steps it; the need and the ability to self-improvement education and mastery of new knowledge as and when the need for them.

The peculiar nature of the technologies are open and distance education.

Open education (open education - Eng.) - The concept of modern education abroad. In connection with the pursuit of its accessibility for all people, regardless of their educational level, not imposed any special requirements for initial training of students. Open education is intended, as a rule, to teach middle-aged people, who could not for various reasons, to increase their level of education previously. Technologies such education adapted to the actual level of students' knowledge, the information in the study group on the same indicators.

Distance education - education in which all or most of the training procedures are carried out at the territorial fragmentation of the teacher and the students with the use of modern information and telecommunication technologies.

Network technology - kind of distance learning technology based on the use of telecommunication systems for the students teaching materials and interactive communication between teachers, administrators and trainees.

Case technology - kind of distance learning technology based on the use of sets (cases), text, audiovisual and multimedia teaching materials and mailing list for self-study by students in the organization of regular consultations with the teachers - tutors traditional or remotely.

In the history of scientific pedagogy and teaching practice methods and technology education has always been and remains one of the key. Existing traditional system of views on the methods of education, their technological features, for different types of education in different age and professional categories of people. At present, widely used personality-oriented technologies. The focus of their - a unique integrated personality, which seeks to maximize the capabilities of their (self-actualization), open to the perception of a new experience, capable of informed and responsible choices in various situations.

Modern technological learning model expresses the basic methodological principles of teaching methodology of humanistic, developmental, personalityfacing project training. A number of technologies regards certain aspects of education, such as theoretical training, practical training, vocational training, technology (private practice) teaching different disciplines and their sections and others.

Now there are a lot of new learning technologies. Some of them are still poorly tested practice part looks theoretically dubious and speculative. A lot of advanced and well-established; of such technology will be discussed in the next section. They focused on the intensification and optimization of teaching students.

On the technology of developing training mentioned above. Its main principle to conduct training at a high level of difficulty, rapidly, while ensuring the leading role of theoretical knowledge, the knowledge people need active learning and taking account of their characteristics, systematic work on the development of the personality of each participant in the process.

Developing training - is the process of solving increasingly complex tasks in sequence, obtaining knowledge and new ways of performing operations by the student, as a result of which it rises to a new, higher level of personal development. The central element of its technology - self-teaching and cognitive activity of the individual, based on its ability to regulate their activities in accordance with the intended purpose and conscious.

In our time, when the information rapidly and continuously updated accordingly updated foundations of scientific knowledge, teacher knowledge translation with an emphasis on the memory of the students in the mostly irrelevant.

Список литературы The issue of educational technology and techniques

  • Davydov V.V. The problems of developing education (methodological analysis). - M., 2006.
  • Kites S.I. Adult Learning Technology: Proc. allowance. -M., 2002.
  • Kirillov E. Theory and practice lesson in the conditions of developing training. - M., 1980.
  • New pedagogical and information technologies in the education system: Proc. Benefit / M.U.Buharkina, M.V. Moses, A.E.Petrov/. - M., 2000.
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