The role of biotechnology in shaping sustainable development and the green economy

Biotechnology has emerged as a key driver in addressing global environmental, social, and economic challenges. Through resource-efficient production, waste minimization, and the creation of environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil-based products, biotechnology directly contributes to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Its applications range from agriculture and food security to renewable energy and waste management, aligning with the principles of the green economy. This article explores the multidimensional role of biotechnology in shaping sustainable development, with a particular focus on cleaner production, biodiversity preservation, and circular economy models. Challenges and opportunities for wider implementation are also examined.