Enchased recovery. Relevance, history, pathophysiology

Introduction. The Enhanced Recovery Program (ERP), Fast Track surgery (FTS), and ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery/rapid recovery after surgery programs) is a multimodal and multidisciplinary treatment strategy designed to reduce the duration of disability and improve the quality of medical care. This program includes preparation at the preoperative stage, the use of minimally invasive techniques for performing surgical intervention and active management of the postoperative period to reduce the duration of inpatient treatment, rehabilitation time and the fastest possible return of patients to normal life. One of the key factors for the success of the ERP is the introduction of multidisciplinary interaction at all stages of examination and treatment. The history of the development of enhanced recovery programs is briefly described, the relevance of the development and application of an optimized treatment strategy, the problems of integration and multidisciplinary are described. The review of the features of the pathophysiology of perioperative stress and practical conclusions justifying the development and application of elements of the enhanced recovery program are presented.